In the shadow of modern agricultural advancements, old varieties of apples, pears, and plums are often overlooked. They are not only a key to the past but also an invaluable treasure for our future. They symbolize resilience and are akin to “living fossils,” gracing many rural homes. In Prekmurje, known for its rich agricultural history, preserving these varieties is still very important. Fruit was once fundamental to self-sufficiency. Farmers relied on natural conditions and their contemporary knowledge for cultivation. As early as 1584, an extensive list of fruit tree varieties was documented, including more than 200 apple varieties, 133 pear varieties, 48 plum varieties, and 70 cherry varieties. Additionally, medlar, walnuts, and mulberries were cultivated at that time.

Adaptability, Resilience, and Cultural Significance

Old fruit tree varieties are known for their ability to adapt to specific climatic conditions. Due to their genetic diversity and resistance to local diseases and pests, they are crucial for sustainable farming and preserving local biodiversity. They provide habitat and food for numerous bird and insect species and help maintain soil and water health. Compared to mass-produced varieties, which are often grown for long-term storage rather than taste, local old varieties are valued for their flavour and aroma. Preserving these old fruit tree varieties is also tied to maintaining cultural identity. In Prekmurje, where traditional farming methods are still alive, the local community cherishes and preserves the flavours of indigenous varieties. Locals not only obtain food from these varieties but also high-value products, such as fruit brandy.

Use of Local Fruit Varieties

Apples are considered one of the most flavorful local Slovenian varieties and are excellent for processing into vinegar, cider, or juice. A popular apple variety is the Beličnik, known for its early ripening, making it a highly valued apple. Pears are also indispensable in orchards. The Vilijamovka is one of the most popular varieties, renowned for its distinctive aroma. It is used to produce high-quality brandies and is also ideal for drying into slices.

Education for the Future

Education is crucial to ensure that future generations continue this important practice. This way, we pass on our rich inherited heritage to future generations.